Hi Steven,
One of my clients experienced a similar issue last week and again today. Today 4 users saw error 3046 when each working in completely different areas of the application. Last week it affected many more users, perhaps because they left it longer before reporting it. I ran the compact and repair on the back end and this appears to have resolved the issue for 5 days until it occurred again today.
Like Ron-St, I am suspecting that this is related to the long standing error 3343 bug:
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/access-reports-that-databases-are-in-an-inconsistent-state-7ec975da-f7a9-4414-a306-d3a7c422dc1d?ui=en-us&rs=en-us&ad=us
Perhaps a recent Windows Update has removed the work-around patch from the server? I'll ask their IT support provider to check.
Regards,
David